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The Pdp-11 by Digital Systems is a quite old machine, apoximatley 10 years,
but some of them are still running, mostly in schools. One of the more popular
operating systems, Rsts/e features BASIC plus programing language, though the
following information on it was taken mainly from and RT-11 and CS-360
operating systems manuals, it is applicable to Rsts/e. I have, based on my
knowledge of it, compliled a summary of all the commands, with a brief comment
about each one:
CALL "function name" [(argument list)]
-used to call assembly language user functions from a BASIC program.
Chain "file descriptor"[Line nubmer]
-Terminates execution of user program, loads and executes the specified program
starting at the line number, if included."
Close [file #n/Virtual mem. file #n)]
-Closes the logical file specified. If no file is specified, closes all files
which are open.
DATA data list
-Used in conjunction with READ to input data into an executing program.
DEF Fnletter (argument)=expression
-Defines a user function ot be used in the program (letter is any alphabetic
letter).
DIM variable(n), variable(n,m),variable$(n),variable$(n,m)
-Reserves space for lists and tables according to subscripts specified after
variable name.
END
-Placed at the physical end of the program to terminate program execution.
FOR variable = expression1 To expression2 Step expression3
-Sets up a loop to be executed the specified number of times.
GOSUB line number
-Used to transfer control to a specified line of a subroutine.
GO TO line number
-Used to unconditionally transfer control to other the next sequential line
in the program.
If expression rel.op. expression THEN GO TO} line number
-Used to conditionally transfer control to the specified line in the program.
IF END #n THEN GO TO) line number
-Used to test for end file on sequential input file #n.
INPUT list
-Used to input data from the terminal keyboard or papertape device.
[LET] variable=expression
-Used to assign a value to the specified variable.
[LET] VFn(i)=expression
-Used to set the value of a virtual memory file element.
NEXT variable
-Placed at the end of a FOR loop to return control to the FOR statement.
OPEN file [FOR INPUT/OUTPUT}] [(b)] AS FILE #N [DOUBLE BUF]
-Opens a sequential file for input or output as specified. File may be
of the form "dev:filnam.ext" or a scalar string variable. The nubmer of
blocks may be specified by b.
OPEN file [FOR INPUT/OUTPUT}] [(b)] AS FILE #n [DOUBLE BUF]
-Opens a sequential file for input or output as specified. File may be
of form "dev:filnam.ext" or a scalar string variable. The number of blocks
may be specified by b.
OVERLAY "file descriptor"
-Used to overlay or merge the program currently in memory with a specified
file, and continue execution.
PRINT list
-Used to output data to the terminal. The list can contain expressions or text
strings.
PRINT "text"
-Used to print a message or a string of characters.
PRINT #expression: expression list
-Outputs to a particular output device, as specified in an OPEN statement.
PRINT TAB(x);
-Used to space to the specified column.
RANDOMIZE
-Causes the random number generator to calculate different random numbers
every time the program is run.
READ variable list
-Used to assing the values listed in a DATA statement to the specified
variables.
REM comment
-Used to insert explanatory comments into a Basic Program.
RESTORE
-Used to reset data block pointer so the same data can be used again.
RESTORE #n
-Rewinds the input sequential file #n to the beginning.
RETURN
-Used to return program control to the statement following the last GOSUB
statement.
STOP
-Used at the logical end of the program to terminate execution.
KEY COMMANDS
--- --------
Control U: Deletes the entire current line. Echoes DELETED message. On
some terminals the ESC key must be used.
Control C: Interrupts execution of a command or program and returns control to
the RT-11 monitor. BASIC may be restarted without loss of the current program
by using the monitor REENTER command.
Control O: Stops output to the terminal and returns BASIC to the READY message
when program or command execution is completed.
EDITING AND SYSTEM COMMANDS
------- --- ------ --------
CLEAR
-Sets the array and string buffers to nulls and zeroes.
LIST
-Prints the user program currently in memory on the terminal.
LIST line number
LIST -line number
LIST Line number-[END]
LIST line number-line number
-Types out the specified program lines on the terminal
to list without a header, use the LISTNH command
NEW "filnam"
-Does a SCRatch and sets the current program name to the one specified.
OLD "file"
-Does a SCRatch and inputs the program from the specified file.
RENAME "filnam"
-Changes the current program name to the one specified
REPLACE "dev:filnam.ext"
-Replaces the specified file with the current program
RUN
-Executes the program in memory.
RUNNH
-RUNs without printing a header
SAVE "dev:filnam.ext"
-Outputs the program in memory as the specified file
SCRatch
-Erases the entire storage area.
MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS
------------ ---------
ABS(x)
-Returns the absolute value of x.
ATN(x)
-Returns the archtangent or x as an angle in radians in the range + or - pi/2.
BIN(x$)
-Computes the integer value of a string of blanks(ignored), 1's and 0's.
COS(x)
-Returns the cosine of x radians.
EXP(x)
Returns the Value of e^x where e=2.71828.
INT(x)
-Returns the greatest integer less than or equal to x.
LOG(x)
-Returns the natural logarithm of x.
OCT(x$)
-Computes an integer value from a string of blanks(ignored) and the digits
0 to 7.
RND(x)
-Returns a random number between 0 and 1.
SGN(x)
-Returns a value indicating the sign of x.
SIN(x)
-Returns to sine of x radians
SQR(x)
-Returns the Square root of x.
TAB(x)
-Causes the terminal type head to tab to column number x.
STRING FUNCTIONS
------ ---------
ASC(x$)
-Returns as a decimal number the seven-bit internal code for the one-character
string (x$).
CHR$(x)
-Generates a one-character string having the ASCII value x.
DAT$
-Returns the current date in the format 13-Apil-71
LEN(x$)
-Returns the number of characters in the string (x$)
POS(x$,y$,z)
-Searches for and returns the position of the first occurrence of y$ in x$
starting with the zth postition.
SEG$(x$,y,z)
-Returns the string of characters in positions y through z in X$.
STR$(x)
-Returns the string which represents the numeric value of x.
TRM$(x$)
-Returns x$ withut trailing blanks.
VAL(x$)
-Returns the number represented by the string (x$)
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Another Great Directory from Hacker Supreme. (Ninja Squirrel /+\, Logan - 5,)
(Zaphod Breeblebox, Silicon Rat, Lord Vision, Crazy Horse, Lancelot-1.)
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