386-BSD Based Operating Systems - IPCS Vulnerability
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CIAC INFORMATION BULLETIN
K-046: 386-BSD Based Operating Systems - IPCS Vulnerability
June 6, 2000 19:00 GMT
PROBLEM: A System V, IPC kernel parameter has a vulnerability. Due to an
undocumented system call, it is possible for a local user to
disable a system process from exiting.
PLATFORM: 386BSD-derived OSes, including all versions of FreeBSD, NetBSD
and OpenBSD
DAMAGE: The use of this vulnerability against a system would result in
a Denial Of Service against the system. No process could run
until the "unblock" call is issued to the system, or the system
is rebooted.
SOLUTION: There are two solutions to rectify this problem; Apply the
patch included in the advisory, or upgrade to FreeBSD
2.1.7.1-STABLE, 2.2.8-STABLE, 3.4-STABLE,4.0-STABLE or
5.0-CURRENT after the correction date.
VULNERABILITY The risk is LOW. There have been no reported instances of this
ASSESSMENT: being used against any systems.
[****** Begin FreeBSD Security Advisory ******]
=============================================================================
FreeBSD-SA-00:19 Security Advisory
FreeBSD, Inc.
Topic: local users can prevent all processes from exiting
Category: core
Module: kernel
Announced: 2000-05-26
Credits: Peter Wemm
Affects: 386BSD-derived OSes, including all versions of FreeBSD,
NetBSD and OpenBSD.
Corrected: 2000-05-01
FreeBSD only: NO
Patch: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/patches/SA-00:19/semconfig.patch
I. Background
System V IPC is a set of interfaces for providing inter-process
communication, in the form of shared memory segments, message queues
and semaphores. These are managed in user-space by ipcs(1) and
related utilities.
II. Problem Description
An undocumented system call is incorrectly exported from the kernel
without access-control checks. This operation causes the acquisition
in the kernel of a global semaphore which causes all processes on the
system to block during exit() handling, thereby preventing any process
from exiting until the corresponding "unblock" system call is issued.
This operation was intended for use only by ipcs(1) to atomically
sample the state of System V IPC resources on the system (i.e., to
ensure that resources are not allocated or deallocated during the
process of sampling itself).
In the future, this functionality may be reimplemented as a sysctl()
node.
III. Impact
An unprivileged local user can cause every process on the system to
hang during exiting. In other words, after the system call is issued,
no process on the system will be able to exit completely until another
user issues the "unblock" call or the system is rebooted. This is a
denial-of-service attack.
IV. Workaround
None available.
V. Solution
Upgrade to FreeBSD 2.1.7.1-STABLE, 2.2.8-STABLE, 3.4-STABLE,
4.0-STABLE or 5.0-CURRENT after the correction date.
Alternatively, apply the following patch and rebuild the kernel and
the src/usr.bin/ipcs utility. This patch removes the semconfig()
syscall. It has been tested to apply cleanly against 3.4-RELEASE,
3.4-STABLE, 4.0-RELEASE and 4.0-STABLE systems.
1) Save this advisory as a file, and run the following commands as root:
# cd /usr/src
# patch -p < /path/to/advisory
# cd usr.bin/ipcs
# make all install
2) Rebuild and reinstall the kernel and kernel modules as described in
the FreeBSD handbook (see:
http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/kernelconfig.html for more information)
3) Reboot the system
Patches for FreeBSD systems before the resolution date:
--- sys/kern/syscalls.master 2000/01/19 06:01:07 1.72
+++ sys/kern/syscalls.master 2000/05/01 11:15:10 1.72.2.1
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@
221 STD BSD { int semget(key_t key, int nsems, int semflg); }
222 STD BSD { int semop(int semid, struct sembuf *sops, \
u_int nsops); }
-223 STD BSD { int semconfig(int flag); }
+223 UNIMPL NOHIDE semconfig
224 STD BSD { int msgctl(int msqid, int cmd, \
struct msqid_ds *buf); }
225 STD BSD { int msgget(key_t key, int msgflg); }
--- sys/kern/init_sysent.c 2000/01/19 06:02:29 1.79
+++ sys/kern/init_sysent.c 2000/05/01 11:15:56 1.79.2.1
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@
{ 4, (sy_call_t *)__semctl }, /* 220 = __semctl */
{ 3, (sy_call_t *)semget }, /* 221 = semget */
{ 3, (sy_call_t *)semop }, /* 222 = semop */
- { 1, (sy_call_t *)semconfig }, /* 223 = semconfig */
+ { 0, (sy_call_t *)nosys }, /* 223 = semconfig */
{ 3, (sy_call_t *)msgctl }, /* 224 = msgctl */
{ 2, (sy_call_t *)msgget }, /* 225 = msgget */
{ 4, (sy_call_t *)msgsnd }, /* 226 = msgsnd */
--- sys/kern/syscalls.c 2000/01/19 06:02:29 1.71
+++ sys/kern/syscalls.c 2000/05/01 11:15:56 1.71.2.1
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@
"__semctl", /* 220 = __semctl */
"semget", /* 221 = semget */
"semop", /* 222 = semop */
- "semconfig", /* 223 = semconfig */
+ "#223", /* 223 = semconfig */
"msgctl", /* 224 = msgctl */
"msgget", /* 225 = msgget */
"msgsnd", /* 226 = msgsnd */
--- sys/kern/sysv_ipc.c 2000/02/29 22:58:59 1.13
+++ sys/kern/sysv_ipc.c 2000/05/01 11:15:56 1.13.2.1
@@ -107,15 +107,6 @@
semsys(p, uap)
struct proc *p;
struct semsys_args *uap;
-{
- sysv_nosys(p, "SYSVSEM");
- return nosys(p, (struct nosys_args *)uap);
-};
-
-int
-semconfig(p, uap)
- struct proc *p;
- struct semconfig_args *uap;
{
sysv_nosys(p, "SYSVSEM");
return nosys(p, (struct nosys_args *)uap);
--- sys/kern/sysv_sem.c 2000/04/02 08:47:08 1.24.2.1
+++ sys/kern/sysv_sem.c 2000/05/01 11:15:56 1.24.2.2
@@ -26,8 +26,6 @@
int semget __P((struct proc *p, struct semget_args *uap));
struct semop_args;
int semop __P((struct proc *p, struct semop_args *uap));
-struct semconfig_args;
-int semconfig __P((struct proc *p, struct semconfig_args *uap));
#endif
static struct sem_undo *semu_alloc __P((struct proc *p));
@@ -38,7 +36,7 @@
/* XXX casting to (sy_call_t *) is bogus, as usual. */
static sy_call_t *semcalls[] = {
(sy_call_t *)__semctl, (sy_call_t *)semget,
- (sy_call_t *)semop, (sy_call_t *)semconfig
+ (sy_call_t *)semop
};
static int semtot = 0;
@@ -47,8 +45,6 @@
static struct sem_undo *semu_list; /* list of active undo structures */
int *semu; /* undo structure pool */
-static struct proc *semlock_holder = NULL;
-
void
seminit(dummy)
void *dummy;
@@ -87,64 +83,12 @@
} */ *uap;
{
- while (semlock_holder != NULL && semlock_holder != p)
- (void) tsleep((caddr_t)&semlock_holder, (PZERO - 4), "semsys", 0);
-
if (uap->which >= sizeof(semcalls)/sizeof(semcalls[0]))
return (EINVAL);
return ((*semcalls[uap->which])(p, &uap->a2));
}
/*
- * Lock or unlock the entire semaphore facility.
- *
- * This will probably eventually evolve into a general purpose semaphore
- * facility status enquiry mechanism (I don't like the "read /dev/kmem"
- * approach currently taken by ipcs and the amount of info that we want
- * to be able to extract for ipcs is probably beyond what the capability
- * of the getkerninfo facility.
- *
- * At the time that the current version of semconfig was written, ipcs is
- * the only user of the semconfig facility. It uses it to ensure that the
- * semaphore facility data structures remain static while it fishes around
- * in /dev/kmem.
- */
-
-#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
-struct semconfig_args {
- semconfig_ctl_t flag;
-};
-#endif
-
-int
-semconfig(p, uap)
- struct proc *p;
- struct semconfig_args *uap;
-{
- int eval = 0;
-
- switch (uap->flag) {
- case SEM_CONFIG_FREEZE:
- semlock_holder = p;
- break;
-
- case SEM_CONFIG_THAW:
- semlock_holder = NULL;
- wakeup((caddr_t)&semlock_holder);
- break;
-
- default:
- printf("semconfig: unknown flag parameter value (%d) - ignored\n",
- uap->flag);
- eval = EINVAL;
- break;
- }
-
- p->p_retval[0] = 0;
- return(eval);
-}
-
-/*
* Allocate a new sem_undo structure for a process
* (returns ptr to structure or NULL if no more room)
*/
@@ -873,17 +817,6 @@
register struct sem_undo **supptr;
int did_something;
- /*
- * If somebody else is holding the global semaphore facility lock
- * then sleep until it is released.
- */
- while (semlock_holder != NULL && semlock_holder != p) {
-#ifdef SEM_DEBUG
- printf("semaphore facility locked - sleeping ...\n");
-#endif
- (void) tsleep((caddr_t)&semlock_holder, (PZERO - 4), "semext", 0);
- }
-
did_something = 0;
/*
@@ -898,7 +831,7 @@
}
if (suptr == NULL)
- goto unlock;
+ return;
#ifdef SEM_DEBUG
printf("proc @%08x has undo structure with %d entries\n", p,
@@ -955,14 +888,4 @@
#endif
suptr->un_proc = NULL;
*supptr = suptr->un_next;
-
-unlock:
- /*
- * If the exiting process is holding the global semaphore facility
- * lock then release it.
- */
- if (semlock_holder == p) {
- semlock_holder = NULL;
- wakeup((caddr_t)&semlock_holder);
- }
}
--- sys/sys/sem.h 1999/12/29 04:24:46 1.20
+++ sys/sys/sem.h 2000/05/01 11:15:58 1.20.2.1
@@ -163,13 +163,5 @@
* Process sem_undo vectors at proc exit.
*/
void semexit __P((struct proc *p));
-
-/*
- * Parameters to the semconfig system call
- */
-typedef enum {
- SEM_CONFIG_FREEZE, /* Freeze the semaphore facility. */
- SEM_CONFIG_THAW /* Thaw the semaphore facility. */
-} semconfig_ctl_t;
#endif /* _KERNEL */
--- sys/sys/syscall-hide.h 2000/01/19 06:02:31 1.65
+++ sys/sys/syscall-hide.h 2000/05/01 11:15:58 1.65.2.1
@@ -191,7 +191,6 @@
HIDE_BSD(__semctl)
HIDE_BSD(semget)
HIDE_BSD(semop)
-HIDE_BSD(semconfig)
HIDE_BSD(msgctl)
HIDE_BSD(msgget)
HIDE_BSD(msgsnd)
--- sys/sys/syscall.h 2000/01/19 06:02:31 1.69
+++ sys/sys/syscall.h 2000/05/01 11:15:59 1.69.2.1
@@ -196,7 +196,6 @@
#define SYS___semctl 220
#define SYS_semget 221
#define SYS_semop 222
-#define SYS_semconfig 223
#define SYS_msgctl 224
#define SYS_msgget 225
#define SYS_msgsnd 226
--- sys/sys/syscall.mk 2000/01/19 06:07:34 1.23
+++ sys/sys/syscall.mk 2000/05/01 11:15:59 1.23.2.1
@@ -148,7 +148,6 @@
__semctl.o \
semget.o \
semop.o \
- semconfig.o \
msgctl.o \
msgget.o \
msgsnd.o \
--- sys/sys/sysproto.h 2000/01/19 06:02:31 1.59
+++ sys/sys/sysproto.h 2000/05/01 11:16:00 1.59.2.1
@@ -662,9 +662,6 @@
struct sembuf * sops; char sops_[PAD_(struct sembuf *)];
u_int nsops; char nsops_[PAD_(u_int)];
};
-struct semconfig_args {
- int flag; char flag_[PAD_(int)];
-};
struct msgctl_args {
int msqid; char msqid_[PAD_(int)];
int cmd; char cmd_[PAD_(int)];
@@ -1158,7 +1155,6 @@
int __semctl __P((struct proc *, struct __semctl_args *));
int semget __P((struct proc *, struct semget_args *));
int semop __P((struct proc *, struct semop_args *));
-int semconfig __P((struct proc *, struct semconfig_args *));
int msgctl __P((struct proc *, struct msgctl_args *));
int msgget __P((struct proc *, struct msgget_args *));
int msgsnd __P((struct proc *, struct msgsnd_args *));
--- usr.bin/ipcs/ipcs.c 1999/12/29 05:05:32 1.12
+++ usr.bin/ipcs/ipcs.c 2000/05/01 10:51:37 1.12.2.1
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@
struct shminfo shminfo;
struct shmid_ds *shmsegs;
-int semconfig __P((int,...));
void usage __P((void));
static struct nlist symbols[] = {
@@ -420,11 +419,6 @@
seminfo.semaem);
}
if (display & SEMINFO) {
- if (semconfig(SEM_CONFIG_FREEZE) != 0) {
- perror("semconfig");
- fprintf(stderr,
- "Can't lock semaphore facility - winging it...\n");
- }
kvm_read(kd, symbols[X_SEMA].n_value, &sema, sizeof(sema));
xsema = malloc(sizeof(struct semid_ds) * seminfo.semmni);
kvm_read(kd, (u_long) sema, xsema, sizeof(struct semid_ds) * seminfo.semmni);
@@ -470,8 +464,6 @@
printf("\n");
}
}
-
- (void) semconfig(SEM_CONFIG_THAW);
printf("\n");
}
[****** End FreeBSD Security Advisory ******]
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