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The U.S. Department of Energy
Computer Incident Advisory Center
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INFORMATION BULLETIN
FTP Filename Expansion Vulnerability
April 24, 2001 21:00 GMT Number L-070A
[Revision A 4/24/2001 Added FreeBSD FreeBSD-SA-01:33]
______________________________________________________________________________
PROBLEM: The expansion of short-hand filename notation can lead to
buffer overflows.
PLATFORM: FreeBSD - Those prior to 5.0-CURRENT and 4.2-STABLE.
See the "FreeBSD Update Section" at the bottom of
bulletin for information announced by FreeBSD about
the FreeBSD 3.x, FreeBSD 4.x, FreeBSD 3.5-STABLE,
and FreeBSD-4.3-RC releases.
Fujitsu - UXP/V V20L10 X01021
UXP/V V20L10 X00091
UXP/V V10L20 X01041
NetBSD - Those prior to 4.4BSD derived glob(3)
Other vendors are investigating their software.
DAMAGE: The buffer overflow can allow an intruder to execute arbitrary
code.
SOLUTION: Apply the patches as directed. If patches are not available,
see the referenced PGP Security advisory.
______________________________________________________________________________
VULNERABILITY The risk is HIGH. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely
ASSESSMENT: and has been discussed in detail in public forums.
______________________________________________________________________________
[Begin CERT Advisory]
CERT Advisory CA-2001-07 File Globbing Vulnerabilities in Various FTP
Servers
Original release date: April 10, 2001
Last revised: --
Source: CERT/CC
A complete revision history can be found at the end of this file.
Systems Affected
FTP servers on various platforms
Overview
A variety of FTP servers incorrectly manage buffers in a way that can
lead to remote intruders executing arbitrary code on the FTP server.
The incorrect management of buffers is centered around the return from
the glob() function, and may be confused with a related
denial-of-service problem. These problems were discovered by the
COVERT Labs at PGP Security.
I. Description
Filename "globbing" is the process of expanding short-hand notation
into complete file names. For example, the expression "*.c" (without
the quotes) is short-hand notation for "all files ending in ".c"
(again, without the quotes). This is commonly used in UNIX shells, in
commands such as ls *.c. Globbing also often includes the expansion of
certain characters into system-specific paths, such as the expansion
of tilde character (~) into the path of the home directory of the user
specified to the right of the tilde character. For example, "~foo"
expands to the home directory for the user "foo" on the current
system. The expressions used in filename globbing are not strictly
regular expressions, but they are syntactically similar in many ways.
Many FTP servers also implement globbing, so that the command mget *.c
means retrieve all the files ending in ".c," and get ~foo/file.name
means get the file named "file.name" in the home directory of foo.
The COVERT Labs at PGP Security have discovered a means to use the
expansion done by the glob function to overflow various buffers in FTP
servers, allowing an intruder to execute arbitrary code. For more
details about their discovery, see
http://www.pgp.com/research/covert/advisories/048.asp
Quoting from that document:
[...] when an FTP daemon receives a request involving a file
that has a tilde as its first character, it typically runs the
entire filename string through globbing code in order to
resolve the specified home directory into a full path. This has
the side effect of expanding other metacharacters in the
pathname string, which can lead to very large input strings
being passed into the main command processing routines. This
can lead to exploitable buffer overflow conditions, depending
upon how these routines manipulate their input.
For the latest information regarding this vulnerability, including
information related to vendors' exposure to this problem, consult the
vulnerability note describing this problem, available at
http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/808552
II. Impact
Intruders can execute arbitrary code with the permissions of the
process running the FTP server.
III. Solution
Apply a patch or workaround from your vendor, as described in Appendix
A.
Appendix A. - Vendor Information
This appendix contains information provided by vendors for this
advisory. When vendors report new information to the CERT/CC, we
update this section and note the changes in our revision history. If a
particular vendor is not listed below, we have not received their
comments.
Compaq Computer Corporation
COMPAQ COMPUTER CORPORATION
-----------------------------
x-ref: J Compaq case id - SSRT1-83
At the time of writing this document, Compaq is currently
investigating the potential impact to Compaq's ftp service.
Initial tests indicate Compaq's ftp service is not vulnerable.
As further information becomes available Compaq will provide notice of
the completion/availibility of any necessary patches through AES
services (DIA,DSNlink FLASH and posted to the Services WEB page) and
be available from your normal Compaq Services Support channel.
COMPAQ COMPUTER CORPORATION
FreeBSD, Inc.
FreeBSD is vulnerable to the glob-related bugs. We have corrected
these bugs in FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT and FreeBSD 4.2-STABLE, and they
will not be present in FreeBSD 4.3-RELEASE.
Fujitsu
[...] we have determined that the versions of UXP/V shown below are
vulnerable. JPatches are being prepared and will be assigned the patch
numbers also shown below:
OS Version,PTF level patch ID
-------------------- --------
UXP/V V20L10 X01021 UX28161
UXP/V V20L10 X00091 UX28160
UXP/V V10L20 X01041 UX15527
IBM Corporation
[...] we have not found the described vulnerabilities to exist in the
AIX versions of glob as used in the ftp daemon.
NetBSD
Please be aware that as of March 29, 2001, NetBSD has a fix for both
the glob resource consumption (via an application controlled
GLOB_LIMIT flag) and the buffer overflow (always enforced). These
fixes should work on any 4.4BSD derived glob(3).
SGI
SGI acknowledges the vulnerability reported by NAI COVERT Labs and is
currently investigating. No further information is available at this
time.
As further information becomes available, additional advisories will
be issued via the normal SGI security information distribution methods
including the wiretap mailing list and
http://www.sgi.com/support/security/
For the protection of all our customers, SGI does not disclose,
discuss or confirm vulnerabilities until a full investigation has
occurred and any necessary patch(es) or release streams are available
for all vulnerable and supported IRIX operating systems.
Until SGI has more definitive information to provide, customers are
encouraged to assume all security vulnerabilities as exploitable and
take appropriate steps according to local site security policies and
requirements.
_________________________________________________________________
The CERT Coordination Center would like to thank the COVERT Labs at
PGP Security for notifying us about this problem and for their help in
constructing this advisory.
_________________________________________________________________
Author: Shawn V. Hernan
______________________________________________________________________
This document is available from:
http://www.cert.org/advisories/CA-2001-07.html
______________________________________________________________________
CERT/CC Contact Information
Email: cert@cert.org
Phone: +1 412-268-7090 (24-hour hotline)
Fax: +1 412-268-6989
Postal address:
CERT Coordination Center
Software Engineering Institute
Carnegie Mellon University
Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
U.S.A.
CERT personnel answer the hotline 08:00-20:00 EST(GMT-5) / EDT(GMT-4)
Monday through Friday; they are on call for emergencies during other
hours, on U.S. holidays, and on weekends.
Using encryption
We strongly urge you to encrypt sensitive information sent by email.
Our public PGP key is available from
http://www.cert.org/CERT_PGP.key
If you prefer to use DES, please call the CERT hotline for more
information.
Getting security information
CERT publications and other security information are available from
our web site
http://www.cert.org/
To subscribe to the CERT mailing list for advisories and bulletins,
send email to majordomo@cert.org. Please include in the body of your
message
subscribe cert-advisory
* "CERT" and "CERT Coordination Center" are registered in the U.S.
Patent and Trademark Office.
______________________________________________________________________
NO WARRANTY
Any material furnished by Carnegie Mellon University and the Software
Engineering Institute is furnished on an "as is" basis. Carnegie
Mellon University makes no warranties of any kind, either expressed or
implied as to any matter including, but not limited to, warranty of
fitness for a particular purpose or merchantability, exclusivity or
results obtained from use of the material. Carnegie Mellon University
does not make any warranty of any kind with respect to freedom from
patent, trademark, or copyright infringement.
_________________________________________________________________
Conditions for use, disclaimers, and sponsorship information
Copyright 2001 Carnegie Mellon University.
Revision History
April 10, 2001: Initial release
[End CERT Advisory]
_______________________________________________________________________________
[Begin "FreeBSD Update Section"]
On April 17, 2001, FreeBSD announced the advisory "globbing
vulnerability in ftpd". This advisory contains patches and workarounds
for the following releases:
FreeBSD 3.x (all releases)
FreeBSD 4.x (all releases)
FreeBSD 3.5-STABLE prior to the correction date 2001-04-17
FreeBSD 4.3-RC prior to the correction date 2001-04-17
Use your browser to get to the "FreeBSD Security Information" page at:
http://www.freebsd.org/security/security.html
Under the "Table of Contents" section, click on the "FreeBSD Security
Advisories" link. If you do not find the advisory link
"FreeBSD-SA-01:33.ftpd-glob.v1.1.asc" on the "FreeBSD Security
Advisories" page, follow their instructions to get to their advisory
archive. Double-click on the link
"FreeBSD-SA-01:33.ftpd-glob.v1.1.asc" to download the FreeBSD-SA-01:33
advisory "globbing vulnerability in ftpd".
[End "FreeBSD Update Section"]
_______________________________________________________________________________
CIAC wishes to acknowledge the contributions of CERT and FreeBSD for the
information contained in this bulletin.
_______________________________________________________________________________
CIAC, the Computer Incident Advisory Capability, is the computer
security incident response team for the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE) and the emergency backup response team for the National
Institutes of Health (NIH). CIAC is located at the Lawrence Livermore
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