5ESS-2OOO Compact Exchange Units.
by hybr1d (http://hybrid.dtmf.org)
o Introduction
o Types of compact exchanges
o CDX exchange
o VCDX exchange
o Conclusion
Introduction
------------
This is a very compact file, designed to be an intorduction, or primer to
5ESS local compact digital exchange units. I am wrtting this off the top of
my head, so don't expect it to be very complex in technical nature. For
starters I'll explain a little about the new 5ESS switches and there
functions. We've all heard of the millenium bug, and it's supposid ability to
take out massive networks etc. Well Lucent technologys, Bellcore (now
telecord communications or somthing), aswell as lata exchange carrier
providers such as MCI, AT&T, Sprint, and all the RBOC's such as SWBell, etc,
all got a bit paranoid and decided to enhance to current 5ESS switching
configurations to a new architecture they feel would be compatable with the
millenium software and network problems. The new 5ESS-2OOO switches are all
basically the same as conventional 5ESS switches, except the software parts,
such as the administration control software platforms, and global title
translation software etc, have been upgraded to be Y2K compatable. As well
as this, the new 5ESS switches have been modified (based upon conventional
5ESS) to be easily upgraded in the future with new modules for future
telecommunications developments. In other words, the new digital switches are
very very very souped-up versions of 5ESS, infact, I would concider them to
be one of the most versatile switches around. Now the deal with these new
digital switching systems is that they can handle more and more lines, more
network traffic, aswell as a very upgraded ability for general system
capacity. They have also been upgraded with new security features to stop
people like me from gaining access to the local administration part which
is accessable via x25, the PSTN, and the net (on a 'secret' IP range).. I'm
not going to go into that at the moment, thats another file.. Anyways, as I
was saying, the new 5ESS-2OOO digital exchanges are like souped up 5ESS
switches. Before there where people bitching about how they can get 'traced'
messing around on the phone network because 5ESS logs shit. Well, I got news
for you, 99.9% of all worldwide switching mechanisms, electro-mechanical, or
digital derived, ALL log stuff, and always have done. It's just with these
new 5ESS-2OOO digital exchanges, its more obvious if you are messing around.
Lets say for example you where scanning over 400 numbers a night via your
land line.. Normaly a 5ESS, DMS, TXE etc would just log your line usuage,
calling patterns etc into a subscriber log in one of the switches sub-system
parts. You would only usually get discovered if one of the field technitions,
glanced at the data for you line usuage. Thats ok, because we all no that
exchange field operators are lame and lazy, but what about this new 5ESS-
2OOO line loging equipment? - welp, I have bad news for you. If you scan
in continuous, or repetitive cycles over your subscriber loop, the chances
are, you're gonna get your haxoring ass taken to court by your RBOC, or
whatever provider you are with. The reason for this is that 5ESS-2OOO
digital switches continously monitor the activity, and network usuage of over
100,000 lines similtaniously. Instead of loging line status etc into a
dormant log file in a sub-system, if one of the local switches notices that
somthings up, a field adminstrator is notified imediatly, probably by the
means of a status bar on an uplinked terminal. The new switches have been
modified to be very stringent on system capacity and usuage patterns, and
will notify any field office engineer of the slightest problem. The new 5ESS-
2OOO switches are basically like UK monologs, in other words, they record
everything about your line, all digits dialed, even after terminating
destination point, they even log the time intervals between each tone you
dial/emit. Basically they are the big-bro of the phone system so start
getting paranoid. (I know for a fact, that it is possible to log onto one of
the local exchange units and turn line logging OFF, and even make your line
appear to be non-existant). Anhow, I think I've probably made a few people a
little paranoid now, on with the rest of the file.
Types of local compact digital exchanges
----------------------------------------
Werd, well now its time for the focus of the file. I'm not writting a mad
big file on the entire 5ESS-2OOO network because it would take _ages_, so
I'm going to focus on local compact excahnges designed for the rurual
community such as college campuses and areas with not many subscribers, like
suberban areas of towns. There are 2 main types of compact 5ESS-2OOO local
switch, the CDX (Compact Digital eXchange), and the VCDX (Very Compact
Digital eXchange). Both these new units are designed to be very echonimacal
for the money raking telcos. The idea is that these switches are being placed
in new suberban housing developments, and are being integrated into the PSTN
as we speak. The CDX digital exchange for example is designed to be very
snall, handeling small local phone networks, it can however be upgraed with
the implementation of modules, kind of like plug'n'play, until the switch
becomes a fully fledged 5ESS-2OOO unit if required in the future. Lets take
a look at these local networks in more detail.
The CDX digital exchange
------------------------
The CDX (Compact Digital eXchange) is a small sized siwtch configuration,
which is capable of providing the same services to subscribers the same as
a conventional 5ESS switch would. Unlike the older rural exchange units,
these new switches are capable of handeling more advanced telecommunications
services like wideband data transmission, and video data etc. The switch is
housed in a cabinet that is 6 foot high, 29.9 inches wide, and 23.6 inches
deep. The switch is desinged to be a stand alone unit and as I said before,
very capable of handeling current/future telecommunications developments and
serverices such as POTS lines (Plain Old Telephone Service), equal access
services, ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), CENTREX services such
as call waiting, hold, etc etc. The system is also designed to be fully
compatable with the Signaling System 7 telephony protocol which has been
implemented over the majourity of the international PSTN. The switch can
handle from 100 subscriber loops, upto 15,000 local access lines or 15,000
remote access lines. CDX operates on the same software as the conventional
5ESS-2OOO switch, and also has the same call routing architecture (physical).
______________________ Admin Console AM: Adminstration Module
| | ______ CM2: Communications Module
| | | | CM2C: " Compact
| 3B21D |-------| | MSDT: SLC-2OOO Multi -
| | |______| Services Remote
|______________________| Module
|
|
| _________________
| | |
_______|_______ | SM or |--|
| | | SM-2OOO |--|
| CM2C |-----------| |--| (upto 6 RSM
|_______________| | |--| outputs)
| | |--|
/ |_________________|
/ |
/ |
_______|_______ ______|______ _________
| | | | | |
| ORM | | |--------| local |
|_______________| |_____________| |_________|
| | | |
ORM: Remote Module
RSM: Remote Switching Module
SLC: Subscriber Loop Carrier
SM: Switching Module
The VCDX digital exchange
-------------------------
VCDX stands for (VERY Compact Digital eXchange), and when I say compact, I
mean compact. It is the smallest of all 5ESS-2OOO switch configurations but
is still very capable of providing the same services as its bigger bro, the
CDX switch. This switch is used by CATV, CAPS, small towns, and government
facilitys. The switch is also capable of providing Central Office services
such as the usual call waiting, and ISDN. The intersting thing about this
switch is that it supports Carrier Identification Code (CIC) expansion and
is compatable with changing NPA's in the Interchangable Numbering Plan Area,
as required by reglatory bodys such as the FCC.
The VCDX switch can support various configurations using a single 5ESS
Switching Module (SM) to handle the call processing. The SM is controlled by
a sophisticated UNIX software-based workstation which provides administrative
and maintenance capabilities. A mimimum configuration of 2 cabinets that are
6 foot high x 29.9 inches wide x 23.6 inches deep in size is necessary and
thus it fits in a small space. If left in standard mode, the VCDX can handle
upto 1,500 lines. If the SM-2OOO unit is impemented as a module, the switch
can handle as many as 14,000 lines.
_____________ _______
| | | |
| workstation |----------------| modem |
|_____________| |_______|
|
|
|
__________|___________
_____________ | |--|
| | | |--|
| local dist |-------------| SM or SM-2OOO |--|
|_____________| | |--|
| | | | | |______________________|--|
(to local distrobution plant. then to subscriber loops.)
Conclusion
----------
Welp, thats it for this short file/article. Hope you enjoyed it. As you can
see the 5ESS lcoal unit range is very complex, and is a massive improvement
on previous local switching networks. Just be carefull about the subscriber
loop monitoring modules. If you'd like more info on 5ESS-2OOO switching, I
have put some decent information up on my website for your enjoyment and
viewing pleasure. Goto http://www.dtmf.org/hybrid and check it out, you'll
also be able to find the other 30+ files I've written in the past on there
aswell, so go there now@! thats an order, heh. Anyways, thats it, peace.
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